Search for European Projects

Over 40 European Projects Found

Searched on 125080 European Projects

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Recommendations for Reliable Breeder Documents Restoring e-Passport Confidence and Leveraging Extended Border Security (ORIGINS)

Start date: Dec 1, 2014, End date: Nov 30, 2016,

The project ORIGINS aims to study the security of the extended border and more particularily passport breeder document security. The underlying idea of ORIGINS is to improve the security and therefore to restore the confidence in the application process and issuance of e-passports, by filling the gaps in security of breeder documents. Indeed, while some assurance approaches have been implemented i ...
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 15

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The Night of Our Origins (ORIGINS)

Start date: Apr 1, 2013, End date: Oct 31, 2013,

...alled onboard ESA’s Planck satellite, has revealed unexpected fluctuations in the temperature distribution of the primordial radiation of the Big Bang, providing an unprecedented insight into the origins of our Universe and a new picture of its composition today. Planck is painting a new picture of the Universe that is pushing the limits of understanding current cosmological theories. On Researche ...
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The cerebral representation of sequences and roles : investigating the origins of human uniqueness. (NeuroSyntax)

Start date: Oct 1, 2016, End date: Sep 30, 2021,

What are the origins of humans’ remarkable capacities to grasp, memorize, and produce complex sequences and rules, as manifested in language and mathematics? During its evolution, the human brain may have acquired a capacity to represent nested rules, based in part on the expansion of circuits involving the inferior frontal gyrus. This hypothesis will be tested using behavioral measures, functiona ...
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Developmental Origins of Healthy and Unhealthy Ageing: The Role of Maternal Obesity (DORIAN)

Start date: Jan 1, 2012, End date: Dec 31, 2014,

Europe has the highest proportion of elderly people in the world. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), sarcopenia and cognitive decline frequently coexist in the same aged individual, sharing common early risk factors and being mutually reinforcing. Obesity is a main health concern in the world. In the EU one-third of women of reproductive age are overweight and 20% are obese, a pr ...
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Genetic and Lifestyle Origins of Inflammation in Depression (GLOID)

Start date: May 1, 2015, End date: Oct 31, 2016,

Depression produces substantial societal costs. Its cause is unknown and treatments are suboptimal. Inflammation may be involved in depression. People with depression have elevated levels of inflammatory mediators in the blood, although it is unclear whether the source is genetic, environmental, or some interaction. A likely environmental source is unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. To progress the f ...
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Origins and spread of agriculture in the south-western Mediterranean region (AGRIWESTMED)

Start date: Apr 1, 2009, End date: Mar 31, 2013,

"This project focuses on one of the most fascinating events of the long history of the human species: the origins and spread of agriculture. Research over the past 40 years has provided an invaluable dataset on crop domestication and the spread of agriculture into Europe. However, despite the enormous advances in research there are important areas that remain almost unexplored, some of immense int ...
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 7

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Historical Patterns of Development and Underdevelopment: Origins and Persistence of the Great Divergence (HI-POD)

Start date: Nov 1, 2008, End date: Oct 31, 2012,

"Understanding the ‘great’ and ‘little’ divergences between Northwest Europe and the rest of Europe, and between Europe and the rest of the world, implies considerable challenges, both in terms of quantification and analysis. In terms of quantification, the major European challenges are to be found in the pre-1800 period, although much work remains to be done in quantifying post-1800 performance e ...
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 7

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The origins of the Acheulean in East Africa (ORACEAF)

Start date: Jan 1, 2012, End date: Dec 31, 2016,

The disappearance of the earliest human culture, the Oldowan, and its substitution by a new technology 1.6 million years ago, the Acheulean, is one of the main topics in modern Paleoanthropology. However, little is known about the biological and cultural evolutionary mechanisms underlying this process. Traditionally, it has been assumed that this major cultural change was ignited by the emergence ...
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 2

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Autocatalysis: A bottom-up approach to understanding the origins of life (Autocat)

Start date: May 1, 2016, End date: Apr 30, 2021,

"The origin of life is not well understood, and is one of the great remaining questions in science. Autocatalytic chemical reactions have been extensively studied with the aim of providing insight into the principles underlying living systems. In biology, organisms can be thought of as imperfect self-replicators, which produce closely related species, allowing for selection and evolution. Autocata ...
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ADOR – Awareness, Development, Origins, Resources

Start date: May 18, 2016, End date: Jan 17, 2017,

Project “ADOR” is a multilateral youth exchange realized with the efforts of young people from 5 countries: Italy, Moldova, Portugal, Ukraine and Greece. The main aim of the project is to raise awareness about the migrant’s needs and problems through the creative workshops on migration, music, handcrafts, photography, sharing best practices as well as by developing the youngsters leadership and cr ...
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CAFÉS & CITIZENRY – The Roma Origins

Start date: Jun 1, 2011,

The project we plan would be such a transnational , European spiritied initiative , that would like to focus on the different variety of Roma music appearing in Cafes. Then would like to adapt them into a modern 21st century cultural-social space , which on one hand real but on the other hand is in the virtual world, would represent multiple cultural types, in such way that those works could sinte ...
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 3

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Aquifer sensitivity, origins of contaminations, control of the widespread losses to agriculture (Qualité microbiologique de l'eau en montagne)

Acquisition de références communes et mise en relation de chercheurs, agriculteurs, collectivités et gestionnaires, dans le but de faire émerger à moyen terme des programmes intégrés de gestion des aquiferes, sur la base de relations concertées entre les différents usagers de lespace. ...
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 3

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Tracking the Genetic Origins of the First Americans (TGOFA)

Start date: Mar 1, 2010, End date: Feb 29, 2012,

"Ancient DNA techniques will be applied to over 150 human remains from the US and Mexico corresponding to paleoamerican and amerindian populations in order to address the origin and diversification of the first inhabitants of the Americas. Second generation DNA sequencing technologies will be used to yield large amounts of genetic data of Amerindians from across Mexico and the Southwest United Sta ...
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The Origins of the Roman Inquisition Reconsidered: the Diplomatic Career of Gian Pietro Carafa in England and Spain (1513-19) (CARAFAMCP)

Start date: Jun 1, 2013, End date: May 31, 2015,

The project aims to re-examine the formative years of Gian Pietro Carafa’s (the future pope Paul IV, 1555-59); specifically his diplomatic missions to England and Spain in the 1510s. Its objective is to reconstruct the relations Carafa enjoyed with the sovereigns Henry VIII and Charles V and their courts and determine the importance of these experiences for his later political and religious choice ...
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The origins of galaxy bimodality: Linking mergers, starbursts and feedback in observations and simulations (SEDMORPH)

Start date: Sep 1, 2012, End date: Jan 31, 2018,

Understanding how and why galaxies form and evolve is one of the most challenging problems in modern astrophysics. Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, shows order and structure, as do most massive galaxies in our local neighbourhood. Yet when we look to very distant galaxies they are disordered and chaotic. The leading theory for the origin of this transformation invokes gas-rich mergers, which trigger ...
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Origins of Alzheimer's disease across the life-course (ORACLE)

Start date: Sep 1, 2016, End date: Aug 31, 2021,

The origins of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain elusive. The long pre-clinical phase of AD is universally recognized, but it is not known when predisposition for AD develops nor when the first signs and symptoms become discernable. In this regard, an essential role is played by the ‘reserve’ capacity of the brain, which is built up in early life and acts as buffer against adverse risk factors later ...
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Ex Anatolia lux. The Linguistic Origins of Europe: Word-formation and Lexicon in Anatolian and Core Indo-European. (Ex Anatolia lux)

Start date: Oct 1, 2016, End date: Sep 30, 2018,

The understanding of the linguistic origins of Europe begins with Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the reconstructed language from which all Indo-European (IE) languages descend, including modern languages like English, Spanish, Russian and Hindi, and are spoken by more than half of the world’s population. In particular, a proper understanding of Proto-Indo-European begins with the extinct Anatolian lan ...
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The origins of dendritic computation within mammalian neural circuits (DENDRITECIRCUITS)

Start date: Jul 1, 2016, End date: Jun 30, 2021,

This proposal aims to address a simple question: what is the fundamental unit of computation in the brain? Answering this question is crucial not only for understanding how the brain works, but also if we are to build accurate models of brain function, which require abstraction based on identification of the essential elements for carrying out computations relevant to behaviour. In this proposal, ...
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Molecular origins of electrochemical energy storage properties in lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors (IONELECTRO)

Start date: Apr 1, 2013, End date: Sep 30, 2014,

... magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Molecular insights from NMR will be correlated with macroscopic material, electrochemical, and device properties, yielding new understanding of their molecular origins. The results are expected to aid the rational design of novel lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors with greater energy densities, power densities, and operational lifetimes. This project ...
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Solving an evolutionary jigsaw puzzle: A next-generation genomics approach to trace the origins of the eukaryotic cell (PUZZLE_CELL)

Start date: Nov 1, 2012, End date: Oct 31, 2017,

The origin of the eukaryotic cell represents an enigmatic yet dramatically incomplete evolutionary puzzle. The few pieces of this puzzle that we have managed to identify thus far indicate that the eukaryotic cell most probably emerged via a fusion of an archaeal and an alphaproteobacterial cell. Yet, beyond this, scientific debate is mainly engulfed by speculation, which, to a large extent, is fed ...
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The origins of stellar properties (STELLARPROP)

Start date: Mar 1, 2014, End date: Feb 28, 2019,

"Less than a century ago it was realised that stars are still forming in our Galaxy today. Over the decades since, the questions of what physical processes dominate the star formation process and how the statistical properties of stars are determined have been some of the key questions in astrophysics. Recently, I have advanced numerical simulations of star formation to the point that, for the f ...
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"The Cult of Saints: a christendom-wide study of its origins, spread and development" (COS)

Start date: Jan 1, 2014, End date: Dec 31, 2018,

"An investigation of the origins and development of a central feature of late-antique, medieval and modern culture: the belief that dead saints can act as mediators between a distant God and humankind, and that they are active on earth in many different ways (such as healing the sick, punishing the irreverent, or even controlling the weather).The project will investigate the emergence of this beli ...
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 3

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Thymopoiesis: From Evolutionary Origins to Future Therapies (EvoThyme)

Start date: Jun 1, 2013, End date: May 31, 2018,

The role of the thymus in cell-mediated immunity was discovered about 50 years ago and it has since become apparent that the thymus is the site of T cell development in all extant vertebrates. Although it has been recognized that thymopoiesis can only be fully understood by the analysis of both the thymic epithelial microenvironment and the intrathymic haematopoietic compartment, significant gaps ...
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Uncovering the origins of friction (UFO)

Start date: Sep 1, 2009, End date: Aug 31, 2014,

...third-body interactions and deformation mechanisms at contacting asperities. Understanding these factors as well as the morphological evolution of contact clusters has the potential of explaining the origins of frictional forces and wear. This will guide us in the design of tailored-made lubricants and surface morphologies, which, in turn, will help reduce the high societal cost of wear damage. Th ...
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Dissecting active matter: Microscopic origins of macroscopic actomyosin activity (MicMactin)

Start date: Jun 1, 2016, End date: May 31, 2021,

"Biological motion and forces originate from mechanically active proteins operating at the nanometer scale. These individual active elements interact through the surrounding cellular medium, collectively generating structures spanning tens of micrometers whose mechanical properties are perfectly tuned to their fundamentally out-of-equilibrium biological function. While both individual proteins and ...
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PLANT developmental biology: discovering the ORIGINS of form (PLANTORIGINS)

Start date: Mar 1, 2010, End date: Feb 28, 2014,

"The main objective of PLANTORIGINS-ITN is to improve career prospects of young researchers in the growing field of plant evolutionary developmental biology through a programme of research, training and transfer of knowledge that integrates new discoveries and approaches in the fields of plant morphology, systematics, and developmental genetics with the overall goal of understanding the origins of ...
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Origins of the Molecular Cloud Structure (PROMISE)

Start date: Feb 1, 2016, End date: Jan 31, 2021,

Understanding the physical processes that control the life-cycle of the interstellar medium (ISM) is one of the key themes in the astrophysics of galaxies today. This importance originates from the role of the ISM as the birthplace of new stars, and therefore, as an indivisible component of galaxy evolution. Exactly how the conversion of the ISM to stars takes place is intricately linked to how th ...
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How does future thinking work? Uncovering its evolutionary and developmental origins (MTT)

Start date: Sep 1, 2015, End date: Aug 31, 2017,

Time is always moving forward. However, humans can remember past events (e.g., our last holiday), and imagine and plan for events that have not happened (e.g., our next job interview); that is, we can mentally travel back into our past (i.e., episodic memory) and our future (i.e., future thinking). Having a comprehensive picture of this capacity involves not only studying Mental Time Travel (MTT) ...
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"Origins, proliferation and pathogenesis of L-form (cell wall deficient) bacteria" (OPAL)

Start date: Apr 1, 2010, End date: Sep 30, 2015,

"Jeff Errington is a bacterial molecular cell biologist with nearly 30 years of research experience. He spent much of the first 15 years or so working on spore formation in B. subtilis as a simple model for development and differentiation. His lab developed a method with which to clone the complete set of sporulation genes and then contributed in a major way to working out how sporulation is contr ...
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"The Allies, the European Resistance and the Origins of the Cold War in Europe" (AEROCWE)

Start date: Sep 1, 2012, End date: Aug 30, 2016,

...ry of intelligence, diplomatic history and military history.The result will be the first comprehensive book on this topic, and an important contribution to the scholarship on World War II and the origins of the Cold War in Europe."
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A biological network approach to the study of biochemical origins, early cellular evolution, and gene distributions across genomes (NETWORKORIGINS)

Start date: Jan 1, 2009, End date: Dec 31, 2013,

The further back we look in time, the less we know about the course of life's history. Genomics, through phylogenomics, will eventually resolve the evolution of macroscopic life, whose phylogeny can be properly modeled in the mathematical image of a bifurcating tree; where the evolutionary process is fundamentally tree-like in nature, we only have to collect enough data to bring the structure of t ...
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The oldest and the rarest - combining insight from both hemispheres to gain a global picture of baleen whale origins and macroevolution (MYSTICETI)

Start date: Nov 16, 2015, End date: Nov 15, 2018,

Baleen whales (Mysticeti), the largest animals on earth, are a spectacular example of evolutionary adaptation and, as predators and nutrient distributors, a major component of the modern ocean ecosystem. Their relatively good fossil record, large ecological impact and the existence of extant species as a source of comparative data make mysticetes an ideal macroevolutionary case study – promising f ...
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"The origins of gestural imitation: insights from evolution, development and cultural transmission" (GESTRANSCULT)

Start date: Apr 1, 2015, End date: Mar 31, 2017,

"The ability to copy others lies at the heart of our capacity to learn languages, social rules and acquire material culture. While imitation is a core feature of human life, understanding how it evolved, how it develops and the role of cultural transmission are not fully understood. Moreover, most of our understanding comes from studies of tool use, while neglecting the role of imitation in other ...
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Evolutionary origins of complex ecological adaptations (ComplEvol)

Start date: Jun 1, 2015, End date: May 31, 2020,

During evolution, organisms adapt to diverse environmental conditions by evolving new morphological and/or biochemical traits, some of which are of impressive complexity. This is for example the case of eyes, wings or complex biochemical pathways, which all involve multiple components. The evolution of such complex traits has always intrigued evolutionary biologists, including Charles Darwin, and ...
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The “Germanic Völkerwanderung“ in Early Modern Thought. Origins and Developments of a Historiographical Master Narrative, 1500-1830 (MIGRATIO GENTIUM)

Start date: Oct 1, 2013, End date: Sep 30, 2015,

"In the patriotic German historiography of the 19th and 20th centuries, the motif of the “Germanic Völkerwanderung“ has played an eminent role. According to this master narrative of German nationalism, allegedly Germanic tribes like the Goths, the Vandals, the Langobards and numerous others had roamed Europe in a series of far-reaching campaigns of conquest and colonization between the late fourth ...
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Embryonic origins of cardiovascular health in later life: disentangling early causal pathways in a lifecourse perspective (EMBRYOandLATERHEALTH)

Start date: Sep 1, 2015, End date: Aug 31, 2020,

... a small size at birth have increased risks of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in adulthood. These intriguing associations strongly suggest that common diseases have at least part of their origins in early fetal life. From both an etiological and preventive perspective, it is important to disentangle the early fetal critical periods and causal pathways. An accumulating body of evidence ...
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Ethnographic museums - Roots, origins and traditions as an opportunity for economic development (ROOTS)

The project aims at valorising and protecting traditional culture in the area concerned through the promotion of comparison and co-operation between different cross-border museum models. The project provides for four macro-activities: Development of a shared method in order to manage and promote initiatives through the adoption of innovating technologies; Organisation of joint cultural events and ...
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REsearch into implementation STrategies to support patients of different ORigins and language background in a variety of European primary care settings (RESTORE)

Start date: Apr 1, 2011, End date: Mar 31, 2015,

This project is concerned with optimising the delivery of primary healthcare to European citizens who are migrants who experience language and cultural barriers in host countries. We focus on the implementation of evidence-based health information (e.g. guidelines to enhance communication in cross-cultural consultations) and interventions (e.g. training initiatives on interculturalism and the use ...
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Reducing empiricism in luminescence geochronology: Understanding the origins of luminescence from individual sand grains (RELOS)

Start date: Sep 1, 2015, End date: Aug 31, 2020,

Sediments preserve a history of the evolution of the Earth’s surface and its response to a changing climate – a history that can only be read reliably if we know the age of the sediments. Luminescence dating is widely used in quaternary geology and archaeology, and is applicable to almost all sediments from the last 0.5 Ma – it dates the last time the sediment grains were exposed to daylight. RELO ...
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Unraveling the code of DNA replication origins and its link with cell identity (ORICODE)

Start date: Feb 1, 2009, End date: Jan 31, 2014,

"DNA replication origins remain poorly defined in metazoans, in contrast to bacteria or S. cerevisiae. We believe that, in eukaryotes, a differential encoding of chromosomes by DNA replication origins is instrumental for the acquisition of cell identity during development. We wish to decipher this encoding, to determine whether it is linked to gene expression, and identify the mechanisms used to b ...
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