Background Asbestos fibre cement (AFCE) waste is a carcinogenic construction material. It has been used throughout Europe since 1920. In 1949, asbestosis - the disease caused by asbestos - was first recognised. However, by the time asbestos was prohibited, many people had already been exposed to the carcinogenic asbestos fibres and had fallen ill. Even today, large quantities of asbestos are contained in buildings and water pipes. Removal of this dangerous material is necessary, but currently the only disposal method for the waste is directed landfill. Objectives The project sought to demonstrate that denaturing technology is the Best Available Technology (BAT) for the treatment of asbestos fibre cement waste. The demonstrated technology would involve a thermal process using a prototype moving hood kiln in which asbestos fibres are rendered harmless. The project also aimed to demonstrate the reusability of the denatured asbestos cement as a base material for the cement industry. The project finally aimed to launch a European lobby with the objective of implementing the denaturing technology as the minimum standard for processing asbestos. Results The project's final result is a revised Asbestos Fibre Cement-Denaturing Plan. This kiln blueprint adheres to strict Dutch emissions and safety standards, which are considered to be amongst the strictest in Europe. Unfortunately, prolonged delays in obtaining the necessary permits to approve the building and implementation of the AFCE-DEP plant meant that the beneficiary was unable to build and test the plant within the duration of the project. However, the progress in developing the design of the kiln can have an important added value since its allows the application of the technology anywhere in Europe The business plan describes potential demand for AFCE process and indicates that, within a proximity of 80 to 100 km, there is a sufficient supply of hazardous AFCE waste to ensure at least 25 years of "denaturing" for a plant, assuming an annual turnover of 40,000 tons. As well as the substantial possible markets for the end product of the "denaturing" process, the resulting non-hazardous material may also be used in the construction and carpet industries. The redesign of the AFCE-DEP technology appears to be the best available technology for the cost-effective treatment of Asbestos Fibre Cement waste. The beneficiary will therefore continue to develop the work of the project towards its ultimate objective of building and implementing Europe's first Asbestos Fibre Cement Denaturing Plant. It is anticipated that this will happen around 24 months after the permits have been obtained. It is anticipated that the working denaturing process will achieve the standards of hazardous waste treatment which are considered as safe and that the resulting product will be usable as an ingredient for the production of cement. The working plant should lead to job creation at the plant in Moerdijk – and at other future locations - and demonstrate the economic and technical feasibility of the large-scale process with the cooperation of the European cement industry and European waste handling companies.