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Background The Mediterranean fruit fly or ‘med fly’ is considered to be one of the world’s most destructive pests, particularly in regards to agriculture. It has the widest host range of any fruit fly, is a rapid coloniser and can tolerate cooler climates than other species of fruit flies. The med fly attacks more than 260 different fruits, flowers, ...

Background The pine processionary (Thaumetopoea pityocampa) and pine tree lappet (Dendrolimus pini) are moths of the families Thaumetopoeidae and Lasiocampidae. They are abundant species found in pine woods in north, central and southern Europe. Because their larvae, or caterpillars, feed on the needles of pine trees and some other conifer tree species, t ...