2.7 million People worldwide (250,000 Europeans) have kidney transplants or undergo a dialysis treatment because of irreversible end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This number has more than doubled over the past 15 years and involves 3-5% of NHS budgets. Current therapy consist in either a kidney transplant, haemodialysis connected to a machine at the hospital for at least 3h, 3 times a week, or the ...