Search for European Projects

20 European Projects Found

Searched on 125080 European Projects

 FINISHED 

Gas and Dust from the Stars to the Laboratory: Exploring the NanoCosmos (NANOCOSMOS)

Start date: Aug 1, 2014, End date: Jul 31, 2020,

Evolved stars are the factories of interstellar dust. This dust is injected into the interstellar medium and plays a key role in the evolution of astronomical objects from galaxies to the embryos of planets. However, the processes involved in dust formation and evolution are still a mystery. The increased angular resolution of new generation telescopes, will provide for the first time a detailed v ...
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 5

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Pattern formation and mineral self-organization in highly alkaline natural environments (PROMETHEUS)

Start date: Aug 1, 2014, End date: Jul 31, 2019,

The precipitation of alkaline-earth carbonates in silica-rich alkaline solutions yields nanocrystalline aggregates that develop non-crystallographic morphologies. These purely inorganic hierarchical materials, discovered by the IP of this project, form under geochemically plausible conditions and closely resemble typical biologically induced mineral textures and shapes, thus the name ‘biomorphs’. ...
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 2

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Mixing in Heterogeneous Media Across Spatial and Temporal Scales: From Local Non-Equilibrium to Anomalous Chemical Transport and Dynamic Uncertainty (MHETSCALE)

Start date: Apr 1, 2014, End date: Mar 31, 2019,

Transport, mixing and reaction of solutes and particles in natural media are of central importance in many fields of science and engineering, ranging from contaminant dispersion in geophysical flows to diffusion in living cells. Transport in these intrinsically heterogeneous media is characterized by early and late solute and particle arrivals, tailed spatial distributions, and scale effects in me ...
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 1

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Three-dimensional molecular resolution mapping of soft matter-liquid interfaces (3DNANOMECH)

Start date: Feb 1, 2014, End date: Jan 31, 2019,

Optical, electron and probe microscopes are enabling tools for discoveries and knowledge generation in nanoscale sicence and technology. High resolution –nanoscale or molecular-, noninvasive and label-free imaging of three-dimensional soft matter-liquid interfaces has not been achieved by any microscopy method.Force microscopy (AFM) is considered the second most relevant advance in materials scien ...
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 1

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Towards the NEXT generation of bb0nu experimets (NEXT)

Start date: Feb 1, 2014, End date: Jan 31, 2019,

Neutrinoless double beta decay is a hypothetical, very slow radioactive process whose observation would establish unambiguously that massive neutrinos are Majorana particles --- that is to say, identical to their antiparticles ---, which implies that a new physics scale beyond the Standard Model must exist. Furthermore, it would prove that total lepton number is not a conserved quantity, suggestin ...
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 1

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The Fingerprint of a Galactic Nucleus: A Multi-Wavelength, High-Angular Resolution, Near-Infrared Study of the Centre of the Milky Way (GALACTICNUCLEUS)

Start date: Feb 1, 2014, End date: Jan 31, 2019,

Galactic stellar nuclei are very common in all types of galaxies and are marked by the presence of nuclear star clusters, the densest and most massive star clusters in the present-day Universe. Their formation is still an unresolved puzzle. The centre of the Milky Way contains a massive black hole and a stellar nucleus and is orders of magnitude closer than any comparable target. It is the only ga ...
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 1

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Novel properties of antigen receptors and instruments to modulate lymphoid function in physiological and pathological conditions (NOVARIPP)

Start date: Feb 1, 2014, End date: Jan 31, 2019,

The current paradigm of T cell function in the immune response is that T cells recognize antigen through the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) which transduces signals to the cytoplasm by way of cytosolic priming and effector tyrosine kinases. The TCR acts in a monovalent fashion is crosslinked by its antigen/MHC (pMHC) ligand, causing TCR triggering. However, our more recent data indicate that the TC ...
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 1

 FINISHED 

Harmonic Analysis, Partial Differential Equations and Geometric Measure Theory (HAPDEGMT)

Start date: Jan 1, 2014, End date: Dec 31, 2018,

The origin of Harmonic Analysis goes back to the study of the heat diffusion, modeled by a differential equation, and the claim made by Fourier that every periodic function can be represented as a series of sines and cosines. In this statement we can find the motivation to many of the advances that have been made in this field. Partial Differential Equations model many phenomena from the natural, ...
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 1

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Cold and wet early Mars: Proposing and testing a new theory to understand the early Martian environments (icyMARS)

Start date: Jan 1, 2014, End date: Dec 31, 2018,

Geologic evidence indicative of flowing and ponding liquid water on the surface of ancient Mars appears abundantly across most of the Martian landscape, indicating that liquid water was present in variable amounts and for long periods of time on and/or near the surface at different moments of Mars’ early history, the Noachian era. Early Mars appears to have been “wet”. However, the presence of liq ...
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 2

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Bio-inspired optical corrections of presbyopia (PRESBYOPIA)

Start date: May 1, 2012, End date: Apr 30, 2018,

The human crystalline lens has the capability to dynamically change its shape to focus near and far objects. By age 55, the accommodation capability is lost and optical aids are needed for near vision. Many questions remain open that are critical to understand accommodation, the failure in presbyopia, and the prospects for its correction. Multifocal presbyopic corrections are increasingly used. Ho ...
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 3

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Downhill Folding Protein Modules as Conformational Rheostats: Roles in Molecular Biology and Applications as Biosensors (MOLRHEOSTAT)

Start date: May 1, 2013, End date: Apr 30, 2018,

Protein folding and function is a perfect arena towards growing the grassroots of quantitative and synthetic biology. This is so because all cellular processes controlled by proteins can ultimately be traced back to physico-chemical properties encoded in their aminoacid sequences. MOLRHEOSTAT is framed within these goals, focusing on the investigation of novel connections between protein folding a ...
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 1

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Understanding the development and function of cerebral cortex folding (CORTEXFOLDING)

Start date: Jan 1, 2013, End date: Dec 31, 2017,

The mammalian cerebral cortex was subject to a dramatic expansion in surface area during evolution. This process is recapitulated during development and is accompanied by folding of the cortical sheet, which allows fitting a large cortical surface within a limited cranial volume. A loss of cortical folds is linked to severe intellectual impairment in humans, so cortical folding is believed to be c ...
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 1

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Polymer-Inorganic Flexible Nanostructured Films for the Control of Light (POLIGHT)

Start date: Dec 1, 2012, End date: Nov 30, 2017,

The POLIGHT project will focus on the integration of a series of inorganic nanostructured materials possessing photonic or combined photonic and plasmonic properties into polymeric films, providing a significant advance with respect to current state of the art in flexible photonics. These highly adaptable films could act either as passive UV-Vis-NIR selective frequency mirrors or filters, or as ma ...
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 1

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Surface Self-Assembled Molecular Electronic Devices: Logic Gates, Memories and Sensors (e-GAMES)

Start date: Dec 1, 2012, End date: Nov 30, 2017,

Organic electronic devices, such as organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), are raising an increasing interest for their potential in large area coverage and low cost applications. Also, the use of single molecules as active electronic components offers great prospects for the miniaturization of devices and for their compatibility with biological systems. Within this framework, e-GAMES goals are ...
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 1

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Dissecting the gene regulatory mechanisms that generate serotonergic neurons and their link to mental disorders (SEROTONINANDDISEASE)

Start date: Dec 1, 2012, End date: Nov 30, 2017,

Mental disorders constitute a human an economic burden for developed countries. Many mental disorders are linked to serotonin dysfunction, but the exact mechanism underlying these disorders is not well understood. Serotonin Related Mental Disorders (SRMD) are multigenic, making the identification of these mechanisms a difficult task. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that generate serotonergi ...
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 1

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Restriction of the Fourier transform with applications to the Schrödinger and wave equations (RESTRICTION)

Start date: Sep 1, 2011, End date: Aug 31, 2017,

In 1967, Stein proved that the Fourier transform of functions in L^p could be meaningfully restricted to the sphere for certain p>1. The restriction conjecture, which asserts the maximal range of such p, was solved by Fefferman in two dimensions, but the conjecture remains open in higher dimensions. Strichartz considered the same question but with the sphere replaced by the paraboloid or the cone, ...
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 1

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Wiring up visual circuits: Interplay between gene expression and spontaneous and experience-dependent activity (WIRINGVISION)

Start date: Jan 1, 2012, End date: Jun 30, 2017,

A fundamental feature of the developing neural circuits is their ability to change in response to sensorial experience. This phenomenon has been particularly observed during the generation of cortical maps, where altering the pattern of sensory experience changes the spatial organization of sensory representations. The mechanisms underlying this form of plasticity include synaptic modification suc ...
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 1

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Development of a nanomechanical tool-box for the investigation of cell mechanics (NANOFORCELLS)

Start date: Nov 1, 2011, End date: Oct 31, 2016,

The fact that biophysical and biomechanical properties of cells and subcellular structure influence and are influenced by onset and progression of human diseases is now attracting the physiologists attention. This opens up new routes for disease diagnosis and treatment. The first traditional way to discover a tumor was by palpation, such as sweetness in urine was indicative of diabetes. Nowadays, ...
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 1

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Factories of the Future Resources, Technology, Infrastructure and Services for Simulation and Modelling (FORTISSIMO)

Start date: Jul 1, 2013, End date: Jun 30, 2016,

The importance of advanced simulation to the competitiveness of both large and small companies is well established. The principal objective of Fortissimo is to enable European manufacturing, particularly small to medium enterprises (SMEs), to benefit from the efficiency and competitive advantage inherent in the use of simulation. However, the simulation of, for example, high-pressure gas cylinders ...
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Nano-engineered high performance Thermoelectric Energy Conversion devices (NANO-TEC)

Start date: Mar 1, 2010, End date: Feb 29, 2016,

Providing a sustainable supply of energy to the world s population will become a major societal problem for the 21st century. Thermoelectric materials, whose combination of thermal, electrical, and semiconducting properties, allows them to convert waste heat into electricity, are expected to play an increasingly important role in meeting the energy challenge of the future. Recent work on the theor ...
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