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Primary aluminium production industry is the world’s larger industrial consumer of energy and ranked among the most CO2 intensive industries. It also generates enormous quantities of wastes that further decrease the exergy efficiency of its production process. However, this industry is one of the most vital sectors from economic and social point of view, not only for EU but also for the entire wor ...

Background There are a number of abandoned sites from the surface exploitation of bauxite ores in the wider Mt. Parnassus area in Greece. The environment would benefit from the filling and rehabilitation of these mines. Red mud is a by-product of the Bayer process for the refining of bauxite to smelting grade alumina for the production of aluminium. It ...