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9 European Projects Found

Searched on 125080 European Projects

 FINISHED 

Signal integration of stomatal stress responses (STORM)

Start date: Dec 1, 2012, End date: Nov 30, 2017,

"Stomata are pores in the leaf epidermis allowing CO2 uptake essential for photosynthesis, but make plants vulnerable to water loss and pathogen invasion. Plants have therefore mechanisms to close stomata in response to microbes, which, however, must be balanced with the regulation of stomatal movements for photosynthesis and abiotic-stress parameters. The pathways and integration of diverse signa ...
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 FINISHED 

Signaling initiation and specificity in BAK1-dependent receptor kinase-mediated innate immunity in Arabidopsis (PHOSPHinnATE)

Start date: Nov 1, 2012, End date: Oct 31, 2017,

Surface-localized pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) detect microbes by recognizing conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases (LRR-RKs) EFR and FLS2 recognize the bacterial PAMPs EF-Tu and flagellin, respectively. Although the overall importance of PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) for plant defense is established, the mechanisms l ...
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Next generation disease resistance breeding in plants (NGRB)

Start date: Apr 1, 2012, End date: Mar 31, 2017,

"Plant diseases represent a significant threat to global food security. One of the most notorious plant pathogens is the Irish potato famine organism Phytophthora infestans. P. infestans, the causal agent of potato and tomato late blight, continues to cost modern agriculture billions of euros annually. The most sustainable strategy to manage late blight is to breed broad-spectrum disease resistanc ...
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Genomics and effectoromics to understand defence suppression and disease resistance in Arabidopsis-Albugo candida interactions (ALBUGON)

Start date: Jan 1, 2009, End date: Jun 30, 2014,

"This project focuses on two questions about host/parasite interactions: how do biotrophic plant pathogens suppress host defence? and, what is the basis for pathogen specialization on specific host species? A broadly accepted model explains resistance and susceptibility to plant pathogens. First, pathogens make conserved molecules ( PAMPS ) such as flagellin, that plants detect via cell surface ...
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Investigating how pathogen effector recognition by plant resistance proteins activates defence (Plant-Def-Mech)

Start date: May 31, 2012, End date: May 30, 2014,

Plants can perceive attacking pathogens via the recognition of conserved Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) resulting in activation of a multi-level plant defence. Pathogens have evolved mechanisms to attenuate PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) via specialized “effector” proteins translocated to the host cell. Effectors can influence diverse host cell pathways in order to manipulate the ce ...
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Discovering the role of AVRblb2 in suppression of chitin triggered plant immunity (Effector Function)

Start date: Sep 1, 2010, End date: Aug 31, 2012,

Phytophthora infestans causes the re-emerging and devastating late blight disease, which threatens potato and tomato production worldwide. With the recent publication of the P. infestans genome, it has become clear that this hemibiotrophic pathogen secretes hundreds of effector proteins to modulate plant immunity and enable colonization. Therefore, my long-term aim is to reveal the mode of action ...
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Functional Analysis of Plant-Pathogenic Oomycete Effectors and their Targets Inside Plant Cell (POETIC)

Start date: Jul 12, 2010, End date: Jul 11, 2012,

"Plant-associated organisms secrete molecules to attenuate plant defence signalling and enable colonization of plant tissue. In contrast to bacterial plant pathogens, only a few oomycete effectors have been characterized. Many oomycete effectors carry a signal peptide and RxLR motif, and act inside host cells to suppress immunity. However, the mechanisms by which these effectors act remain to be e ...
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 FINISHED 

Manipulation of host target by the AvrBlb2 effector of the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans (AvrBlb2-CPT)

Start date: Apr 1, 2010, End date: Mar 31, 2012,

The late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans is a major threat for potato and tomato crops. It was responsible for the Irish Potato Famine in the mid 1840’s and continues to cause dramatic losses nowadays. This oomycete spreads rapidly and shows remarkable adaptability in overcoming plant defenses. To establish its biotrophic life style, P. infestans secretes proteins called effectors that func ...
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 FINISHED 

Host target proteins of Phytophthora secreted effectors (Effector Targets)

Start date: Jun 1, 2008, End date: May 31, 2010,

Oomycete and fungi deliver a variety of effector proteins into plant host cells to suppress defense responses and enable successful colonization. Some of these effectors are secreted into host apoplast where they target plant enzymes to inhibit their activities. Others are secreted into the host cytoplasm and nucleus where they manipulate host immunity. The mechanisms involved in transport of oomy ...
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